Gray v. Long

HARRISON, J. The plaintiff and the appellants made the following agreement at Armona, in the county of Tulare, December 2, 1891:

“This is to certify that I have this day sold Long Bros. & Co., of Fresno county, California, all my budded one year old nursery stock, amounting in all to about 25,000 trees, except what I wish for my own use, to the amount of 5,000 trees, more or less, assorted, and 10 per cent, deduction for black knot; trees to be f. o. b. cars at Armona, Cal., at the rate per tree of 14 cents, amounting to about $2,494.80, on which I acknowledge the receipt of $500; stock to be delivered [725]by the 1st of January, 1892. Long Bros. & Co. agree to be on the ground to examine and accept the stock.

“H. P. GRAY.

“LONG BROS. & GO.”

On or about the 1st of January, 1892, the defendants went to the nursery of the plaintiff at Armona, and examined the stock of trees covered by the agreement, and, after such examination, accepted fifteen thousand and fifty-eight of them, and the same were thereupon shipped by railroad to the defendants at Fresno. After the trees had been received at Fresno one of the members of the county board of horticultural commissioners of Fresno county examined them, and, finding that many of them were affected with black knot, notified the defendants that the trees could not be planted in that county, and, under his directions, the defendants shipped back to the plaintiff, six thousand one hundred and fifty-three of the trees. The plaintiff refused to recognize the right of the defendants to return the trees, and the defendants refused to pay for them; whereupon this action was brought to recover the amount due for all the trees that had been accepted by the defendants at the price named in the contract. Judgment was rendered in favor of the plaintiff, and the defendants have appealed.

By the terms of the contract between the parties, the plaintiff sold to the defendants his entire stock of one year old trees, reserving the right to retain about five thousand for his own use. It was understood by them that some of the trees would be affected with black knot, and they thereupon agreed that a deduction on that account to the extent of ten per cent of the entire amount should be made from the stock which was sold. The contract does not provide that the trees -which might be affected with black knot shall not be embraced in the sale, but that all of the trees are sold save such as were reserved for the plaintiff’s use, and that a deduction of ten per cent shall be made on that account, whether the number of trees so affected should amount to that quantity or not. The price per tree was fixed upon this.estimate, and whether the affected trees exceeded or fell below the estimate cannot change the amount which the defendants agreed to pay. This is not only the natural construction to be given to the words of the agreement, but it is the construction which the defend