Merriam v. Barnum (1897) · DecisionDepot

Merriam v. Barnum

Name: California Superior Court Tentative Rulings
Creator: DecisionDepot
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

California Supreme Court Apr 29, 1897 No. Sac. No. 190Published

Before: Henshaw

AI Brief

AI-generated · verify before citing

Holding. A board of supervisors lacks the statutory authority to employ special counsel to serve as a general legal adviser to the board, as the law mandates that the district attorney perform such duties and limits the board's power to hiring counsel only for the prosecution or defense of suits.

Issues

Did the board of supervisors have the legal power to employ the plaintiff as special counsel to advise the board on matters pertaining to the reconstruction of a courthouse and insurance claims?

Disposition. affirmed

Quotations verified verbatim against the opinion

“It is clearly the intention of the law that the district attorney, and no one else, shall be and act as the legal adviser of the board”

“The contract, then, was merely an attempt on the part of the board of supervisors to pay special counsel by the month for performing a duty which the law imposed upon the district attorney.”

Synopsis

Counties—Power of Supervisors to Employ Special Counsel—Legal Advice—Province of District Attorney.—The district attorney is the sole legal adviser of the board of supervisors, and they cannot charge the county with liability for special counsel for mere legal advice on matters pertaining to the reconstruction of the courthouse or other matters involving mere legal advice without contemplation of any suit, their power to employ special counsel being limited to the assistance of the district attorney in the prosecution or defense of suits in which the county may be a party.

Id.—Illegal Allowance by ■ Supervisors—Mandamus to Auditor.— Mandamus will not lie to compel the county auditor to draw a warrant for an illegal allowance by the supervisors of a claim for services rendered at their request by a special legal adviser of the board.

Henshaw, J. The application is for a writ of mandate. A demurrer was interposed to the petition, which was sustained by the court, with leave to plaintiff to amend. Plaintiff declined to amend, and prosecutes this appeal from the judgment of the court entered against him. His petition discloses the following facts: He is an attorney at law, and the defendant Barnum was and is the auditor of the county of Fresno, state of [621]California. On the twenty-ninth day of July, 1895, the courthouse of the county of Fresno was partially destroyed by fire. On July 31, 1895, the supervisors of the county of Fresno, at a special session called forth at purpose, unanimously adopted a resolution or order, of which the following is a copy:

“ In the Matter of the Appointment of C. 0. Merriam, Special Counsel for the Board, etc.

“ Upon motion of Supervisor Letcher, seconded by Supervisor Garrett, it is ordered that C. C. Merriam be, and is hereby, employed as special counsel to attend this board on all matters pertaining to the reconstruction of the courthouse, insurance matters, etc.

“ It is further ordered that the compensation of said Merriam be, and the same is hereby, fixed in the sum of one hundred and twenty-five dollars per month until the further order of the board.”

Plaintiff served during the month of August as such special counsel in settling with insurance companies for losses sustained by fire, and in matters pertaining to the reconstruction of the courthouse. He performed all the conditions of his contract, and thereafter presented in due form for allowance his bill for services, which was allowed by the board of supervisors, and ordered paid. Plaintiff demanded of the auditor a warrant on the treasury for the amount of the bill as allowed, but the auditor refused to issue or deliver this warrant to plaintiff.

The sole question in the case may be thus stated: Had the board of supervisors the power to employ plaintiff in the manner and for the purposes indicated by the above-quoted resolution?

The district attorney is the legal adviser of the board of supervisors, and it is made his duty by law to attend its meetings, and give all necessary advice. (County Government Act, sec. 137; Stats. 1893, p. 381; Pol. Code, sec. 4257.) Boards of supervisors are empowered (County Government Act, Stats. 1893, sec. 25, subds. 17,

Related research

From the statutes above referred to it is clearly the intention of the law that the district attorney, and no one else, shall be and act as the legal adviser of the board, with power to the board, however, to employ additional and special counsel to assist the district attorney in the prosecution or defense of suits to which the county may be a party. In the cases cited and relied upon by appellant, the employment of counsel other than the city or district attorney had special reference to suits either commenced, or which, in the nature of things, would probably be commenced. In Smith v. Mayor, 13 Cal. 531, the suit was over the employment of Alpheus Felch for contesting, before the supreme court of the United States, under employment by the city, the title of John Sutter to lands within the limits of the city. In Hornblower v. Duden, 35 Cal. 664, the board of supervisors of El Dorado county had employed James McM. Shafter to defend the interest of the county in a certain railroad matter which involved the prosecution of an action of quo warranto, and for his services in this action the fee was claimed. In Scollay v. Butte [623]Comity, 67 Cal. 249, it is declared that the cases of Hornblower v. Duden, supra, and Smith v. Mayor, supra, authorize the employment of other counsel than the district attorney “ to commence and prosecute suits for the county.” In Lassen County v. Shinn, 88 Cal. 510, the firm of Shinn & Hasten, attorneys at law, had been employed to collect all moneys due to Lassen county from the state of California, on account of the keeping of indigent persons. The language used in the opinion in this case is somewhat broader than the authorities cited in support of it will justify, for the cases relied upon are Smith v. Mayor, supra, and Hornblower v. Duden, supra, in both of which the employment was for the actual conduct of a suit. In Modoc County v. Spencer, supra, the board of supervisors had undertaken to employ counsel on behalf of the county to assist the district attorney in the prosecution of criminal cases, and the contract was held to be in excess of the powers of the board, and void. In Kelley v. Sersanous (Cal.), 46 Pac. Rep. 299, the board of supervisors employed the petitioner as an attorney at law to collect certain claims of the county of Glenn, “ by action at law or otherwise.” Here again the contract contemplated the prosecution of a suit, and the contract may be said to come within the spirit, if not the precise letter, of the law authorizing the employment of special counsel to assist the district attorney in conducting a suit.

The contract under consideration, however, is not of this kind. The nature of the employment is to be measured by the terms of the writing expressed in the [624]resolution of the board of supervisors. By that contract it appears that appellant was "employed as special counsel to attend this board on all matters pertaining to the reconstruction of the courthouse, insurance matters, etc.” Thus Merriam’s duty was fully performed when he attended the sessions of the board, and advised it on all matters pertaining to the reconstruction of the court house, and (presumably) the collection of insurance money. There is in this contract no contemplated suit by or against the county, and if there were, it was no part of appellant’s duty to prosecute or defend such suit. His duty was completed when he advised the board, and he could be compelled by the board to do nothing more. The contract, then, was merely an attempt on the part of the board of supervisors to pay special counsel by the month for performing a duty which the law imposed upon the district attorney. The time and term of employment were indefinite, and we have the situation presented of the supervisors creating the office of special adviser at a salary of one hundred and twenty-five dollars per month. If this could be done in the face of the law which limits the powers of boards of supervisors to the employment of counsel to prosecute or defend suits, then it might be done for any purpose that would meet the views of a complaisant board, and at the same time that the law commands the district attorney to be present, and to act as general legal adviser of his board, we would have special counsel for such boards under salaries of one hundred and twenty-five dollars a month, advising upon road matters, others advising upon the collection of insurance, others again as special advisers upon matters relative to the levy and assessment of taxes, others employed upon matters touching the validity and legality of claims against the county, and still others upon any of the numberless legal propositions which at one time or another are presented for the consideration of such executive bodies.

AI Brief

Synopsis

More from California Supreme Court

Related research

AI Brief