Bailey Loan Co. v. Hall

Harrison, J. The complaint in this action sets forth certain promissory notes, purporting to have been made to the plaintiff by “ H. G. Hall & Sons,” and the plaintiff brought the action against three defendants, who are alleged by it to have constituted a partnership by that name, and to have executed the notes to it. Two of the defendants, the appellants herein, suffered default, and the other defendant answered the complaint, denying that he was a member of the firm at the time the notes were executed. The cause was tried by the court [492]without a jury, and a judgment rendered in favor of the plaintiff, and against the appellants, and in favor of the defendant who had answered the complaint. The defendants against whom judgment was rendered have appealed upon the ground that, as the action was brought upon a partnership obligation against three defendants, the court was not authorized to enter a judgment by default against two only. The record is presented here upon the judgment-roll alone.

Section 578 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides: “ Judgment may be given for or against one or more of several plaintiffs, and for or against one or more of several defendants.” In Lewis v. Clarkin, 18 Cal. 399, it was held that by this section the rule at common law, that in an action upon a joint contract the plaintiff must recover against all or none, was abrogated, and that in such action the plaintiff was entitled to a judgment against those defendants merely who were shown to be liable upon the obligation. (See, also, People v. Frisbie, 18 Cal. 402; Shain v. Forbes, 82 Cal. 583; Harrington v. Higham, 15 Barb. 524; McIntosh v. Ensign, 28 N. Y. 169.) The terms of this section do not limit the rule to actions in which the defendants have appeared and answered, but include as well those in which some of the defendants have made default, the only limitation in such case being that found in section 580, that the relief shall not exceed that which the plaintiff shall have demanded in the complaint. In Randall v. Hunter, 69 Cal. 80, an action was brought against the defendants as partners upon a promissory note, signed “Gill and Hunter.” Gill suffered default, and Hunter defended upon the ground that the note was an individual obligation of Gill. Upon the trial this defense was not sustained, and judgment was entered against both. Hunter appealed, and a motion by the plaintiff to dismiss the appeal for failure of Hunter to serve his codefendant was denied upon the ground that Gill would not be affected by a reversal of the judgment, and to the argument that another trial might result in a several