People v. Turnbull

The Court. This is an appeal by the people from a judgment sustaining a demurrer to an indictment. The [631]indictment is based upon an alleged violation of section 165 of the Penal Code, which reads as follows: —

“ Sec. 165. Every person who gives or offers a bribe to any member of any common council, board of supervisors, or board of trustees of any county, city, or corporation, with intent to corruptly influence such member in his action on any matter or subject pending before the body of which he is a member, .... is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for a term not less than one nor more than fourteen years, and is disqualified from holding any office in this state.”

The defendant, by the indictment, is charged with offering a bribe “to one E. E. Giddings, a member of the board of directors of a corporation, to wit, Alta Irrigation District, with intent to corruptly influence,” etc. It is insisted that the words “member of aboard of trustees of a corporation ” are not broad enough to include a member of a board of directors of a corporation. Section 4 of the Penal Code reads: —

“ Sec. 4. The rule of the common law, that penal statutes are to be strictly construed, has no application to this code. All its provisions are to be construed according to the fair import of their terms, with a view to effect its objects and to promote justice.”

Section 958 of the Penal Code is as follows: —

“ Sec. 958. Words used in a statute to define a public offense need not be strictly pursued in the indictment or information, but other words conveying the same meaning may be used.”

Construed in the light of the foregoing provisions of the statute, it necessarily follows that in the use of the word “trustee,” in said section the legislature intended that it should be applied in it widest and broadest sense. In Farmers’ Bank v. Downey, 53 Cal. 468, 31 Am Rep. 62, it was decided that the directors of a corporation were its trustees, and the decision is supported by abundant authority. It is insisted that the word “ corporation,” as used in the section, has no reference to private corporations, but refers solely to public and quasi public corpo[632]