Jamison v. San Jose & Santa Clara Railroad
Before: Morrison
Synopsis
Contributory Negligence—Question of Fact.—When the negligence of the injured party contributes directly to the injury complained of, the law will afford no redress ; but negligence is not absolute or intrinsic, but always relates to some circumstance of time, place .or persons, and whether there was contributory negligence in any given case, is generally a question for the jury to pass upon or determine.
Negligence — Definition.— Negligence is the omission to do something which a reasonable man, guided by those circumstances which ordinarily regulate the conduct of human affairs, would do, or doing something which a reasonable and prudent man would not do.
Id.—Common Carriers of Passengers.—Common carriers of passengers are required to do all that human care, vigilance, and foresight can, under the circumstances, in view of the character and mode of conveyance adopted, to prevent accidents to passengers, and they are responsible for any, even the slightest, negligence.
Morrison, C. J.: This action was brought to recover damages sustained by the plaintiff, Mary E. Jamison, while a passenger on defendant’s road, and a trial having been had in the late District Court, of the Twentieth Judicial District, judgment passed in favor of the plaintiffs for the sum of $300 damages, from which judgment the appeal in this case was taken.
It appears from the evidence that in the month of September, 1876, the city of San José was causing Los Gatos Creek to be widened at a point where it is crossed by defendant’s road; that an excavation was- made on the east side of the creek, leaving the bridge spanning the creek propped and still standing; that at the time the excavation was twenty feet wide, leaving for that distance a chasm twelve feet deep, between the edge of the east bank and the east edge of the bridge, over-which there were no means of passage, except upon the railroad track, which was undermined and had been propped up, and boards laid along the rails, but over which the cars did not and could not pass. As a part of the means used and adopted by the defendant for the transportation of its passengers across the chasm above referred to, defendant laid a line of planks between the rails, extending from end to end across said creek, and filling the space between the rails, but without a railing on either side thereof. There was a log 10x10 inches lying across the east end of the plank-way, which three men could have removed. On the night of September 17th, 1876, while the road was in this condition, the plaintiff, Mrs. Jamison, took passage as a passenger, on defendant’s car, in the city of San Jose, at a point about a mile east of the bridge. This was at 9 p. M., and the car arrived at the bridge at 9.10 p. m.
Mrs. J amison testified as follows: “ The car went as far as the creek, and then the driver threw open the door and told us to change cars. I started across the plank-way, which was twenty feet long. It was so dark I could not see where I was [595]stepping. There were no guards along the plank-way, and no lights except in the car I had just vacated, and in the car on the other side of the creek, and one on the other end of the bridge, at the center of the roadway. None of these threw any light on the plank-way, or made it possible to see it. I made one step on the plank-way, and the next I went over and fell to the bottom of the excavation. I fell over because it was so dark. I could not see where I was stepping. I had passed over the plank-way several times before in daylight, and knew just exactly how the track was then, and how it was planked. I had crossed it that evening going into town, before it was dark. I was badly hurt.” This statement of plaintiff was corrobatod by many witnesses.
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