Crary v. Campbell

By the Court, Cueeey, J. This action was brought to recover damages alleged to have been caused by the defendants in the cutting away of a ditch called the Miners’ Ditch, of which certain of the defendants were the owners, by means of which the waters therefrom were precipitated upon the plaintiff’s mining property, causing great injury and damage thereto.

The defendants, after having controverted the material averments of the complaint, alleged in substance, that the Miners’ Ditch was located and the right of way for it was acquired prior to the location of plaintiff’s mining claim; and they charged that the plaintiff wrongfully and without the consent of the owners of the ditch had, before the time of the happening of the injury, excavated and washed away the soil from below the ditch up to and under it, so as to destroy the same, whereby the owners of the ditch were compelled to build a flume to carry the water over the place thus destroyed; that after this, the plaintiff continued to wash away the soil, and in consequence of it the earth settled and slid away from the defendants’ flume, causing it to sink, when water flowed over into the plaintiff’s claim. The defendants also alleged that at the time the injury occurred and for several days before, there had been an unusually heavy fall of rain, and that to avert the injury threatened by the flood, the defendants, McClanalian and Weed, consulted with plaintiff’s managing agents, one of whom was jointly interested with the plaintiff, in respect to the propriety of cutting the Miners’ Ditch, and that by the consent and with the assistance of such agents, the ditch was cut at a point a few rods distant from the place where the flume had settled, by means whereof the water was turned down the canon there; and the defendants averred that this was done to prevent the total ruin of the plaintiff’s claim, and that, if it had not been for the previous excavations of the plaintiff, it would not have been necessary to have cut the ditch. This reference to the matters pleaded is necessary for the pur[636]pose of presenting to view the points on which the case as it appears by the record must be decided.

On the trial the plaintiff examined a witness who gave evidence to show that this mining claim was located by certain persons whom he named, before the ditch was constructed. The witness testified that he purchased the claim of those who first located it, and took possession of it in the fall of 1854, and continued to hold it until he conveyed the same to the plaintiff and others, and that from that time the plaintiff had held it in possession. On his cross-examination the witness testified that, when he purchased, he received a bill of sale of the claim from his vendors, and that when he conveyed to the plaintiff and others, he executed to them a bill of sale of the property. These facts appearing, the counsel for the defendants moved the Court to strike out the testimony of the witness as to his purchase, and also as to his sale and conveyance to plaintiff and others, on the ground that the transfers of the property were in writing, which was the best evidence thereof. The Court denied the motion, and the defendants’ counsel excepted. This ruling of the Court the appellants assign as erroneous.