Wood v. Truckee Turnpike Co.
Before: Shaftek
Synopsis
Sheriff’s Sale of Corporate Franchises.—The franchises of a corporation organized for the construction of a plank or turnpike road, do not pass hy a Sheriff's deed, where the Sheriff, by virtue of an execution issued on a judgment against the corporation, levies upon all the right, title, interest, claim, and property of the corporation in their road, advertises and sells the same, in the manner in which real estate is advertised and sold and executes to the purchaser a deed therefor.
Franchises of Corporation—Sale of.—The franchises of a corporation are privileges granted and held in personal trust, and cannot be transferred hy forced sale, or hy voluntary assignment, except hy permission of the Government, and when that permission is granted, the mode of transfer pointed out must,be followed.
Ejectment.—Ejectment does not lie to try the right to a road or right of way.
Same.—A road or right of way is an incorporeal hereditament, and ejectment is maintainable only for corporeal hereditaments.
Corporation—Right to Hold Land.— Corporations organized for the construction of plank or turnpike roads cannot acquire or hold lands, or the possessory right thereto, or any interest therein, beyond the easement or right of way over the same.
Title to Land where Road Passes.—The road of a turnpike company is not the private property of the company, hut belongs to the public, and all the interest the company has in it is the right and power to collect tolls on the line of the road as a compensation for building it.
Rights of Travellers on Toll Road.—Every traveller has the same right to use the road of a turnpike dompany upon paying the toll established by law that he has to use any other public highway.
Sheriff's Sale of Road.—The levy upon and sale of a road, by virtue of an execution, gives to the purchaser no right or title to the same, for, being the property of the public, the defendant in the execution has no interest therein which can he conveyed by the officer.
By the Court, Shaftek, J. This is an action of ejectment. It is averred in the complaint that the defendant is “ a body politic and corporate, duly organized under and by virtue of the laws of the State of California;” that “on the 27th day of May, 1862, the said plaintiffs were seized and possessed of and lawfully entitled to the possession of all that certain turnpike road and the land upon which the same has been constructed, built, and excavated,” lying between certain termini named; “said road being about fifty feet in width, bounded on each side by the public lands of the United States, and wholly within said County of Sierra; also, all the bridges, toll gates, and toll houses upon said road and the line thereof, or attached thereto; together with all and singular, the hereditaments, rights, and privileges unto the said road, land, bridges, toll gates, and toll houses, belonging or in anywise appertaining. * * * And being so
seized and possessed and entitled to the possession of the above described property and premises, the defendant, by its agents, on said 27th day of May, 1862, wrongfully and unlawfully entered upon the same, and wrongfully and forcibly ejected the plaintiff therefrom, and still wrongfully withholds the same and the possession thereof from the plaintiffs.”
The answer admits that the defendant is a corporation, duly organized, etc., but denies all the other allegations.
The trial was by the Court. The defendant appeals from the judgment and from the order overruling defendant’s motion for a new trial.
The plaintiffs, at the trial, to prove their title alleged in the complaint, offered in evidence the judgment roll in an action brought by them against the defendant, by which it appeared the plaintiffs, on the 23d day of September, 1861, recovered a judgment against the defendant for the sum of nine thousand eight hundred and forty-eight dollars. They also offered in evidence an execution issued upon said judgment, together [486]with the officer’s return thereon, showing that the Sheriff on the 28th of October, 1861, levied. “ upon all the right, title, interest, claim, and property of the Truckee Turnpike Company in and to the Truckee Turnpike Road, a highway,” etc.; and “ advertised all the above described property for sale at public auction,” etc. * * * “And on the 23d day of November, 1861, * * * sbld the same to D. S. Wood and son for the sum,” etc. The plaintiffs also offered in evidence the' Sheriff’s deed to the plaintiffs. The deed is not inserted in the record, but we shall assume its subject matter to be identical with the subject matter levied and advertised and sold, viz: “ All the right, title, interest, claim, and property of the Truckee Turnpike Company in and to the Truckee Turnpike Road, a highway,” etc.
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