People v. Storke

VAK DYKE, J.

Defendant was convicted of the crime of libel, and prosecutes this appeal from the judgment and order denying a new trial.

[487]

It appears from the evidence that during the year 1898 a number of scurrilous letters reflecting upon Dr. Martha Case, Dr. Winchester, and others of Santa Barbara were put in circulation in that town. The letters were all anonymous, and differed considerably both in penmanship and style, some appearing to have been written by women in a fanciful hand, some quite illiterate in style, and others in a business, clerical hand, and of this class was the letter addressed to Dr. Martha Case, accusing her of being the mistress of Dr. Winchester, and imputing to Dr. Winchester immoral and scandalous conduct. The indictment in the case was based upon this particular letter. The defendant denied having written these letters, and, aside from showing that she was unfriendly to Dr. Winchester, the evidence was circumstantial, resting upon the opinion of witnesses as to the similarity between defendant’s handwriting and these anonymous and libelous letters. The greatest stress seems to have beenlaid upon the opinion testimony of Theodore Kytka, an expert in handwriting. His testimony, which ran through several days of the trial, was to the effect that all the libelous letters introduced in evidence were in the handwriting of the defendant. The defendant claimed and sought to prove that one P. H. Gutierrez, who seems to have been an expert in various styles of handwriting, had written these anonymous and libelous letters at the instigation of other parties, who were enemies of the defendant, for the purpose of implicating her in the offense charged. During the progress of the trial, while the witness Kytka was under examination, a large number of samples of the writings of Gutierrez was shown him, and he was asked to compare them with the handwritings of the libelous and disputed letters, and particularly in reference to certain peculiarities both of the letters written by Gutierrez and the disputed letters; the witness, however, testified that in his opinion there was no similarity or resemblance between them.

Before closing his ease in rebuttal the district attorney moved to strike out all the samples in the handwriting of Gutierrez which had been admitted in evidence for the purpose of comparison, as stated, on the ground that there had been no independent evidence connecting Gutierrez with the disputed and libelous letters. Defendant’s attorney objected