Estate of Dillon (1906) · DecisionDepot

Estate of Dillon

Name: California Superior Court Tentative Rulings
Creator: DecisionDepot
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

California Supreme Court Sep 17, 1906 No. Sac. No. 1478.Published

Before: Lorigan

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Holding. The court held that an executor's expenditures for defending a will contest cannot be allowed in an account settlement until the underlying contest has been determined, as the court must first assess the executor's good faith and the necessity of the costs.

Issues

Whether an executor may be reimbursed for extraordinary costs incurred in a will contest before the contest itself has been adjudicated.
Whether a probate court can determine the necessity and good-faith nature of litigation expenses prior to the resolution of the will contest.

Disposition. reversed

Quotations verified verbatim against the opinion

“In settling an account, before the determination of the contest the' Court has no power to enter into a consideration of these questions.”

“The section above referred to evidently contemplates a trial of the contest before an allowance for costs of the extraordinary character here involved can be made.”

Synopsis

The facts are stated in the opinion of the court.

LORIGAN, J.

A document dated March 8, 1904, purporting to be the last will and testament of Patrick Dillon, deceased, was duly admitted to probate in the superior court of Nevada County and letters testamentary issued to the respondent, C. W. Cross, named in the will as executor. Within a year thereafter another document, dated October 24, 1904, which was claimed to be in fact the last will of said deceased—holographic in character—was filed by appellant, P. F. Dillon, together with a petition by him praying for its admission to probate, and that the probate of the prior will be revoked and the letters testamentary which were issued thereon to said C. W. Cross be canceled and set aside. In his answer to this petition said C. W. Cross, as executor, set up that the alleged document filed by the appellant, Dillon, was a false, fictitious, and forged instrument. Thereafter, by amendment to his petition for revocation of the original probate, and the admission to probate of what he claimed to be the later will, the appellant, Dillon, filed a contest against the validity of the prior will, urging as ground therefor that its execution had been procured through the undue influence of C. W. Cross, the executor named therein. The respondent Cross demurred to this amended petition and his demurrer was undisposed of, and hence the issues on the contest were not settled, when the point now presented on this appeal—the validity of the order of the lower court settling the second account of. the executor, Cross—arose in the lower court. This account was filed on October 20, 1905, while the petition for revocation of the prior will and the contest of the same were pending. The appellant, Dillon, filed his objections to four items of the account, aggregating $714.90, consisting of expenditures by the executor with reference to the holo

[685]

graphic will presented by said Dillon for probate. These items consisted of $150 paid D. T. Ames for examination and opinion as handwriting expert on the said holographic will; a sum of $150 paid C. Eisenschimel for opinion as handwriting expert on the same matter; the further sum of $100, retaining fee, paid to said D. T. Ames as handwriting expert, and $314.90 paid for photographing and enlarging the will.

The court allowed all of these items in said account to the executor, Cross, and this appeal is taken from the order making such allowance.

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with a reasonable belief that the attack on the original probate was unjustified. Certainly the court upon the settlement of an account which involves an application to compel the estate to bear extraordinary costs cannot in advance, before even the settlement of the issues involved in the contest, say that such expenditures were necessary, or incurred in good faith by the executor. In settling an account, before the determination of the contest the' Court has no power to enter into a consideration of these questions. It could not determine on the settlement whether there was any merit in the contest or not, whether there was any validity in the claim that the will subsequently offered for probate was a forgery, or whether the will originally probated was obtained by undue influence or not. And yet these are all matters which must necessarily be determined in order that under section 1332 of the Code of Civil Procedure the reasonable discretion vested in the court to charge the executor or the estate with the payment of the costs of the contest can be exercised. The section above referred to evidently contemplates a trial of the contest before an allowance for costs of the extraordinary character here involved can be made. It contemplates that the court shall be in possession of the facts and circumstances surrounding the contest as a basis upon which its discretion can be properly and fully exercised, and as upon a settlement of the account the court could not be placed in possession of them, and could not determine whether the costs claimed were necessarily incurred, or whether the executor acted in good faith in incurring them, the items should have been retired from the account for subsequent consideration when the court could be placed in full knowledge of all the facts from which to determine whether, if found to be proper costs, they should be charged against the executor or borne by the estate. This is what the lower court should have done with reference to the items in the account presented which were objected to by appellant.

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Synopsis

LORIGAN, J.

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