California Court of Appeal Dec 4, 2014 No. E058760Unpublished
Filed 12/4/14 B.J. v. C.F. CA4/2
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION TWO
B.J.,
Plaintiff and Respondent, E058760
v. (Super.Ct.No. IND1201412)
C.F., OPINION
Defendant and Appellant.
APPEAL from the Superior Court of Riverside County. Gregory J. Olson,
On August 3, 2012, mother petitioned the court to establish paternity and to
modify child custody and visitation. On November 19, 2012, a hearing was held, and
mother informed the court that father was incarcerated and had attempted to file an
objection to the petition. Sole legal and physical custody was temporarily awarded to
mother, with no visitation for father; however, the court ordered both parents “to attend
Child Custody Recommending Counseling” (mediation) on January 4, 2013. The
mediation was not held due to father’s nonappearance, and on January 18, 2013, the court
again ordered both parents to attend mediation, with father authorized to appear
telephonically.
On January 30, 2013, father filed his petition for modification of child custody and
visitation. He was incarcerated and requested two monitored telephone calls per month.
On February 7, 2013, the case was assigned to child custody recommending counselor,
Marlo Guzman, who held the mediation on February 15, 2013.
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Mother’s petition was heard on March 11, 2013. The court found father to be the
natural father of the children, granted mother sole legal and physical custody, and denied
father’s oral motion for supervised telephonic contact. On April 11, 2013, the trial court
denied father’s petition for modification of child custody and visitation.
II. DISCUSSION
A. The Trial Court Did Not Abuse Its Discretion or Violate Father’s Due
Process Rights When It Denied Him Custody and Visitation.
In two separate, but similar, arguments, father challenges the trial court’s decision
to grant custody to mother and deny him visitation. Because these arguments are closely
related, we combine them into one discussion.
1. Standard of Review.
The standard of appellate review of a custody and visitation order is deferential
abuse of discretion. (In re Marriage of Burgess (1996) 13 Cal.4th 25, 32.) Under this
test, we must uphold the trial court’s ruling if it is correct on any basis, regardless of
whether such basis was actually invoked. (Ibid.) The trial court, having heard the
evidence and having observed the demeanor, attitude, and veracity of the witnesses, is
best qualified to determine the factual issues presented at trial. (In re Marriage of Lewin
(1986) 186 Cal.App.3d 1482, 1492.)
2. Contentions and Analysis.
In challenging the trial court’s custody and visitation order, father primarily
focuses on Ms. Guzman’s recommendation. First, he complains that she failed to
interview him separately from mother prior to mediation. Next, he complains that he was
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not allowed the opportunity to fill out the mandatory parent orientation questionnaire.
Further, he contends the recommendation was inaccurate as to the date of his last contact
with the children.
Despite father’s claim, there is nothing in the record before this court that suggests
any nefarious reason why the parents were not interviewed separately or for father being
denied the opportunity to fill out the questionnaire. As for any inaccuracy regarding his
last visitation with the children, father informed the court of the correct date during the
hearing. More importantly, at both the trial level and on appeal, father has not offered
any evidence of specific information he possessed which might have been revealed in an
interview or questionnaire that would have supported a different recommendation from
Ms. Guzman.
Next, father claims that he was prejudiced at the mediation because mother
accused him of lying, and when he expressed his belief that Ms. Guzman was biased in
favor of mother, Ms. Guzman terminated the session. Father faults Ms. Guzman for (1)
failing to reduce the acrimony between the parties; (2) failing to develop an agreement
which would have allowed the children to continue close contact with father; (3) failing
to effect a settlement on a visitation plan that was in the best interests of the children; and
(4) failing to comply with Family Code sections 3161 and 3162. Father objected to Ms.
Guzman’s recommendation; however, the court impliedly overruled his objection.
Finally, father argues that the fact that a stepfather abused his stepdaughter is
insufficient to show that his sons would be at risk of sexual abuse, and thus, a “blanket no
contact order was an abuse of discretion.” Although father does not accuse the trial court
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of relying on his criminal background, he acknowledges that he was accused of, and pled
guilty to, lewd and lascivious conduct on a minor. He notes that mother’s daughter made
the accusation, that there was no finding of penetration or force, and that he was highly
intoxicated when arrested. Father assumes the trial court relied on his criminal
background in making its decision.
With Ms. Guzman’s alleged faulty recommendation and father’s criminal
background in mind, father contends the trial court abused its discretion in making its
custody/visitation determination. However, he offers no support for his argument.
Rather, father cites to case law which has no application to the facts of his case. “An
appellant must provide an argument and legal authority to support his contentions. This
burden requires more than a mere assertion that the judgment is wrong. . . . It is not our
place to construct theories or arguments to undermine the judgment and defeat the
presumption of correctness. When an appellant fails to raise a point, or asserts it but fails
to support it with reasoned argument and citations to authority, we treat the point as
waived. [Citation.]” (Benach v. County of Los Angeles (2007) 149 Cal.App.4th 836,
852, fn. omitted.)
Even if we consider the merits of the issue, we conclude the trial court’s decision
is supported by the evidence (Ms. Guzman’s recommendation and the testimony of both
parents) and not beyond the bounds of reason. (In re Marriage of Loyd (2003) 106
Cal.App.4th 754, 759.) In making its decision, the trial court observed, “Apparently,
there was a problem when you did have contact [with the children] in 2011. Based on
that, I’m not going to order phone call communication at this time. Obviously, when you
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get out of prison, you can come back to court, show the [c]ourt that things have changed,
what you’ve done, and we can look at it again, but I’m going to follow the
recommendation at this time.”
B. Father Was Not Denied Any Due Process Right to Counsel
According to father, the trial court’s denial of his request for appointment of
counsel violated his due process rights. However, in support of this claim, father cites to
case law solely concerning a parent’s right to counsel in dependency cases. This is not a
dependency case; rather, this is a family law case. Father has not cited to, nor are we
aware of, any legal authority that grants parents a due process right to counsel in a family
law action involving custody and visitation issues. Absent such authority, the trial court
correctly denied father’s request.
C. The Record Is Inadequate to Show the Court Imposed Court Fees After
Waiving Them
Father contends the trial court erred in imposing court fees after it granted a fee
waiver to him. Father has the burden of overcoming the presumption of correctness. In
order to do so, he must provide the court with an adequate record that demonstrates what
the trial court did and the alleged error. His failure to provide an adequate record on a
particular issue requires that the issue be resolved against him. (Maria P. v. Riles (1987)
43 Cal.3d 1281, 1295.) Here, the record is insufficient to show that father was charged
and paid court fees after the court granted his request for waiver.
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D. The Trial Court Did Not Violate Father’s Due Process Rights by Failing
to Order a Court Evaluator.
Father challenges the denial of a child custody evaluation on July 1, 2013, while
this case was pending on appeal. However, the denial was made after the orders that
father appeals from, and thus are outside the scope of our review.
III. DISPOSITION
The orders are affirmed. The parties shall each bear their own costs on appeal.1
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
HOLLENHORST J. We concur:
RAMIREZ P.J.
RICHLI J.
1 Although mother has prevailed on the merits in this appeal, she did so despite failing to file a respondent’s brief. We decline, therefore, to award her costs. (California Rules of Court, rule 8.278, subd. (a)(5).)
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AI Brief
AI-generated · verify before citing
Holding. The court affirmed the trial court's orders granting the mother sole legal and physical custody and denying the incarcerated father's request for visitation, finding no abuse of discretion or due process violations.
Issues
Did the trial court abuse its discretion in denying the father's request for custody and visitation?
Did the trial court violate the father's due process rights by denying his request for appointed counsel?
Did the trial court err in imposing court fees after granting a fee waiver?
Disposition. Affirmed
Quotations verified verbatim against the opinion
“The standard of appellate review of a custody and visitation order is deferential abuse of discretion.”
“Even if we consider the merits of the issue, we conclude the trial court’s decision is supported by the evidence (Ms. Guzman’s recommendation and the testimony of both parents) and not beyond the bounds of reason.”
“Father has not cited to, nor are we aware of, any legal authority that grants parents a due process right to counsel in a family law action involving custody and visitation issues.”